CTET Science content – paper 2 previous year questions analysis – part-2

CTET February – 2015:

Food:

1. Tartaric acid is found in unripe mangoes and grapes.
2. The correct sequence of excretory system urine – kidney – ureter – urinary bladder and urethra.
3. Muscle cramps – conversion of pyruvate into lactic acid
4. one which does not carry out any digestive function esophagus, buccal cavity, and rectum
5. About singular villus –  the characteristic which enables the villi to absorb the food
   1. they have thin walls 
   1. they are finger-like projections and 
   2. they have a network of blood vessels close to the surface
6. Edible plants – banana, pumpkin 
   1. nonedible brinjal and lady’s finger

Materials of daily use:

1. general characteristic properties of plastics are durable, light in weight and non-reactive.
2. A virtual and magnified image of an object – both concave mirror and convex lens.

The world of the living:

1. In human beings, the correct sequence of the events during reproduction is Gamete formation, fertilization, zygote, and embryo.
2. the following terms related to cells are chromosome
3. About biodiversity –
   1. It refers to the various species of flora and fauna in the present area.
4. The correct statements regarding rods and cones in the human eye cones are sensitive to bright light
   1. rods are sensitive to dim light, Only cones can sense color while rodes produce black and white imageries.
5. polio is caused by a virus
6. ruminants- buffalo, cow, and deer
7. The following elements must be available in sufficient quantity in the water of a pond where tadpoles are growing – Iodine

Moving things people and Ideas:

1. An object is vibrating at 5000 Hz. The time period of the sound produced is 
   1. f = 1/t 
   2. t=1/f= 1/ 5000 = .0002s
2. a bus covers the distance of 10 km of its journey at an avg speed of 40 km/hr and the remaining 45 km at an avg speed of 60 km/hr. Avg speed of the bus for its  total journey is
   1. d1 = 10 km and v1- 40 km /hr t1= 1/4 ,d2=45 km, v2=60 km/hr, d2 = 45/60 =3/4
   2. t1 +t2 = 1/4+3/4=1
   3. D=d1+d2 = 10+45 = 55 km
   4. V = D/T= 55/1 = 55 km/hr
3. I put one ear on a steel railroad track 
   1. Observation – I am able to hear the appropriating train sooner through the track than through air
   2. Inference – Sounds travel faster through steel than through air and
      1. sounds travel faster through solids as compared to gases.

Natural phenomena:

1. The following planets have no natural satellites of its own – venus.

Natural Resources:

1. An earthquake can cause landslides, tsunami, and floods.

CTET September – 2015:

Food:

1. The highest calorific value from the following – Hydrogen
2. Human nutrition includes nutrient requirement mode of intake of food and its utilization in the body occurring in various steps which are – Sequence of steps that occur within the body Ingestion, digestion, Absorption, Assimilation, and egestion.
3. Major excretory product in the human being is urea.

Materials of daily use:

1. medium A is optically denser than medium B- Speed of light is more in medium B than in medium A
2. We are not crushed under the wt of atmosphere – the pressure inside our body is equal to the atmospheric pressure and cancels the pressure from outside
3. A block of iron dropped in a vessel of water, sinks to the bottom. This is because the of the water displaced by the block is less than the weight of the block.

The world of the living:

1. Col- A and B
   1. Lactobacillus -curd formation
   2. protozoan – malaria
   3. Rhizobium – Nitrogen fixation
   4. Virus – AIDS
2. The correct statement from the following photosynthesis is carried out in all kinds of leaves not only green Irrespective of color all leaves carry out photosynthesis.
3. Reema tells her friend that ladyfinger is a fruit. Her friend shahana disagrees with her.
   1. True statements lady’s finger has seeds thus it is a fruit.
4. The hormone in our body helps us to adjust to stress when we are angry, embarrassed or worried – adrenaline near the kidney.
5. Column- I and Column-2
   1. root – carrot
   2. stem – sugarcane
   3. seed – groundnut
   4. fruit -apple
6. A group of human disease caused by virus -measles, chickenpox, and hep-A
7. A group of autotrophs – algae, spinach, tomato, and banana.

Moving things People and Ideas:

1. A testube contains paste of turmeric whereas test tube B contains an aqueous solution of phenolphthalein. On adding a few drops of dil.HCL to these tubes the contents of
   1. A would remain yellow while those of B would remain colorless
   2. But if NaOH is present in the test tube it becomes pink color.
2. Anita prepared a fresh solution of NaOH in a test tube. She dropped a small piece of aluminum foil into it and then brought a burning matchstick near the mouth of the test tube. She hears a pop sound. The pop sound indicates the presence of hydrogen gas.
3. When water transforms from liquid to gaseous phase- the distance between the particle changes.

How things work:

1. Not a conductor of electricity – Dis. Water.
2. Incorrect statement -Generally the voice of a man is shriller than that of a woman
   1. Correct statement:
      1. a drum vibrates with a low frequency, therefore, it produced a low pitch sound
      2. A whistle has a high frequency and therefore it produces a higher pitch
      3. A bird makes a high pitched sound whereas lion makes a low pitched roar
3. The following process destroys the magnetic property of a bar magnet – heating and beating.

Natural Phenomena:

1. Two planets in the solar system which rotates from east to west – Venus, and Uranus.

CTET September – 2014: 

Materials of daily use:

1. The image of a distant colored object formed in a pinhole camera is always real, inverted, colored and diminished.
2. The group of poor conductors of heat is air, water, plastic.

The world of the living:

1. Set-1(parts of stamen – Male)  and set-2( parts of pistil – Female)
   1. Anther, filament – Ovary, stigma, style
2. If carefully digging a grass plant and observe its roots and leaves you find that it has fibrous roots and parallel venation
3. An animal pops out its stomach through its mouth to eat the soft material of those animals which are covered by hard shells of calcium carbonate. After opening the shell and eating the soft material the stomach goes back into the body of the animal to slowly digest the food – This animal is starfish.
4. The ratio between length of the small and large intestine in the human body is 5:1
5. The normal temperature of the human body on the celsius scale and Fahrenheit scale is 37 deg cels and 98.6 deg F.
6. Metamorphosis of tadpoles is not possible if the water in which they are growing does not contain sufficient iodine

Moving things people and ideas:

1. The calorific value of fuels is generally expressed in Kj/kg.
2. You have phenolphthalein solution in three test tubes A, B, and C. On putting 2-3 drops of dil.HCL in A, a solution of NaOH in B and dis.water in C, if you immediately observe the color of the solution in each test tube the solution in each test tube
   1. A- Colourless- Phenol+dil.HCL
   2. B- pink = Phenol +NaOh
   3. C – Colorless – Dis.water
3. A student puts a drop of dilute soln of NaOH first on a blue litmus paper and then on a red litmus paper. He would observe that
   1. NaOh+ Blue litmus paper = no change in the blue litmus paper and
   2. NaOH + the red litmus paper =  turns blue.
4. If we add a handful of garden soil to a beaker filled three quarters with water, stir the contents with a stick to dissolve the soil and then let it stand undisturbed for some time, we observe different layers. The order of these layers from the bottom to top is
   1. gravel, sand, clay, water, and humus
5. When a copper plate is exposed to moist air for long, it acquires a dull green coating. The green material is a mixture of copper carbonate and copper hydroxide
   1. 2Cu+H2O+CO2+O2—-> Cu(OH)2 +CuCo3 (Green colour)
6. The commonly used fuels have maximum calorific value – LPG
   1. CNG – 31400-37700 KJ/m^3
   2. LPG – 27800Kcal/m^3
   3. Diesel -1100 cal/g
   4. Petrol – 11250 – cal/g 

Natural Phenomena and Natural Resources

1. The reason of the sea breeze is during the day land gets heated faster than the seawater.
2. cereals such as wheat and gram are grown in an area where the soil of the area is clayey and loamy
   1. Because the soils have better retention capacity.

CTET February 2014:

Food:

1. With respect to villi of the small intestine – the statements which enable the villi to absorb the digested food.
   1. They are finger-like outgrowths and thousands in number
   2. they have very thin walls
   3. they have a network of thin and small blood vessels close to the surface
2. The food items that give blue-black color with iodine solution.
   1. Boiled and mashed potato
   2. chewed rice
   3. a slice of bread.

The world of the living:

1. Labeling of the animal cells includes- A. Cellmembrane – B- Vacuole, C- Nucleus, and D- cytoplasm.
2. Biosphere reserve are the areas which help to maintain the biodiversity and culture of the areas
3. The correct order of process about the excretory system in humans
   1. Blood containing useful and harmful substances reaches the kidney for filtration
   2. Useful substances are absorbed back in the blood
   3. Wastes dissolved in water are filtered out as urine in the kidneys
   4. ureter carries urine to the urinary bladder
   5. Urine stored in the bladder is passed out through the urinary opening at the end of the urethra
4. The pseudopodia of amoeba are used for movement and capture of food
   1. Pseudopods are actually an extension of the cytoplasm or thick liquid inside the amoeba.
5. The organism which is classified as parasites are
   1. Bedbugs, 
   2. leeches
   3. Cuscuta and
   4. lice
6. Col-A and Col-B
   1. Alexander Flemming – penicillin
   2. Edward Jenner – smallpox vaccine
   3. L.Pasteur -fermentation
   4.  Robert Koch – anthrax bacterium
7. The correct statements are 
   1. a single cell can perform all the functions in a unicellular organism
   2. blue-green algae are examples of prokaryotes
   3. prokaryotes do not have a nucleus 
   4. eukaryotes have a well-organized nucleus with a nuclear membrane.
8. Position of four endocrine glands – Pituitary, thyroid, adrenal and pancreas.
9. The correct statements:
   1. Genes are located in the chromosomes.
   2. Unicellular organism respire and reproduce
   3. The most important function of the cell membrane is to control the entry and exit of materials from the cells.

Moving things People and Ideas:

1. The ultrasound equipment used for investigating medical problems works at above 20000 Hz.
2. A boy has a thick paste of turmeric. On adding this paste to HCL and aqueous soln of NaOH, separately what colors would he observe?
   1. Yellow in HCL acid and red in NaOH
3. The odometer of a moving car at 8 a.m is 36540 Km and at 10:00 a.m 3666km car moving in variable speeds at zig zag path, Its average speed in mts/sec
   1. @ 8 A.m= 36540, 10 A.m = 36660
   1. So 10-8=2,
   2. 36540 – 36660 = 120,
   3. 1hr=3600 mnts – 3600*2- = 7200,
   4. 1 km = 1000 mts – so 120 KM –
   5. 7200 seconds distance = 12000
   6. But 1 second dis – 1*12000/7000 = 17.5 m/sec
4. The impression of an image persists on the retina of human eye for about 1/15 seconds
5. A rectangular container given below is filled with a liquid heavier than water. Correct about liquid pressure – Pressure at C>Pressure at B>Pressure at A
   1. Because pressure increases with depth.
6. A solid rectangular block of iron is kept over the top of a table with its different faces touching the table. In different cases the solid blocks exert
   1. same force but different pressure

Natural Resources:

1. The statement that justifies the needs to irrigate crops
   1. germination of seeds does not take place under dry conditions
   2. nutrients get transported to each part of the plant in dissolved form
   3. water protects the crop from both frost and hot air currents

CTET July-2013:

Food:

1. The Correct sequence for testing the presence of proteins in a food item
   1. make the paste or powder of the food to be tested
   2. take a small quantity of food item in a test tube, add 10 drops of water into it and shake it
   3. add 2 drops of copper sulfate to it
   4. Add 10 drops of caustic soda  soln to the test tube and shake well
2. In the alimentary canal, The contraction of muscles in the wall of food pipe determines the swallowed food move downwards
   1. peristalsis – the contraction of muscles on the wall of the food pipe.

Materials of daily Use:

1. You are provided with a concave mirror, a convex lens , a convex mirror and a concave lens  to obtain an enlarged image of an object 
   1. concave mirror or convex lens is used
   2. A concave mirror is widely used in a vehicle’s lighting system to focus the light from a vehicle’s headli ght.
   3. concave mirror is significant in ensuring that the light energy is concentrated in one place, to focus light for heating purpose.The convex lens can be used in magnifying glasses. They are thicker in the center than in the edges. Convex lens used in magnifying glasses. So used for those affected with farsightedness.

The world of the living:

1. true about endemic species – they are found exclusively in a specific habitat.
2. pairs related to inheritance of characters – chromosomes and genes
3. The correct combination of terms with reference to animal cells  – cell membrane, chromosome, ribosome and mitochondria
   1. Animal cell does not have a cell wall
4. Following sets of reproductive system -the set of correct combination – 
   1. ovulation, egg, oviduct and uterus
   2. sperm, testis, sperm duct and penis
   3. menstruation, egg, oviduct, uterus
5. Iodine is available in the metamorphosis of tadpoles.
6. the female part of a flower – stigma, ovary and style
7. number of muscles help to move a bone –  2
8. That represents the biotic component of a habitat
   1. Insects, frog, fish, aquatic plants
9. symbiotic organism – Sharing for shelter water and nutrients, and another organism – prepare the food
10. Frog and earthworm breath through –moist and slimy

Moving things People and Ideas:

1. When we add aluminum foil to freshly prepared NaOH soln a gas is produced. the property of the gas is
   1. colorless and odorless gas which produces a pop sound when a burning matchstick is brought near it. – oxygen
2. Aqueous solution of the following oxides changes the color of blue litmus to red?
   1. Sulphur di oxide – so2+h20 – sulphurous acid
3. You are provided with a concave mirror, a convex lens , a convex mirror and a concave lens  to obtain an enlarged image of an object 
   1. concave mirror or convex lens is used
   2. A concave mirror is widely used in a vehicles lightning system to focus the light from a vehicles headlight.
   3. concave mirror is significant in ensuring that the light energy is concentrated in one place, to focus light for heating purpose.The convex lens can be used in magnifying glasses. They are thicker in the center than in the edges. Convex lens used in magnifying glasses. So used for those affected with farsightedness.
4. Time(AM) Odometer reading (km)
   1. 8.00 78752
   2. 8.10 78758
   3. 8.20 78768
   4. 8.30 . 78780
   5. 8.40 78791
   6. 8.50 78800
   7. 9.00 78806
   8. The avg speed of the bus in the entire journey m/sec = 54*5/18 (1000/ 2600) = 15m/sec

Natural Resources:

1. Kharif crops – paddy, maize, cotton and soybean

1. A pair of exhaustible natural resources?
   1. minerals and wildlife
2. Effect of weeds on the crop plant
   1. they interfere in harvesting
   2. they affect plant growth
   3. they compete with crop plants for water, nutrients, space, and light.

CTET January 2012:

Food:

1. The process of converting sugars into alcohols is known as fermentation
2. The dietary fibres are called roughages
3. The minerals that are required in the right amount for proper functioning of muscles are iron and calcium.

Materials of daily use:

null
1. When CNG or LPG undergoes complete combustion, the products formed are co2 and H2o
2. The SI unit of calorific value is KJ/Kg
3. If the frquency of vibrations of a body is decreased and its amplitude is increased then
   1. pitch decreases but loudness increases
   2. pitch is  measured in frequency of sound vibrations per second. If the frequency is decreased the pitch also decreases. The more energy a wave has the higher its amplitude.
4. The man made fibres also called rayon
5. PET bottles and jar are commonly used for storing edible items. PET is a very similar form of polyester
6. Antibiotics are effective against cholera.
7. A lab thermometer shows 5 small divisions between 55 deg and 56 deg. This means that the thermometer can read upto 55.2 deg celsius

The world of the living:

null
1. A few chemical process includes
   1. rusting of iron and 
   2. respiration – these represent slow combustion
2. The smallest of living organism with cell wall are bacteria
3. Rhizobium – nitrogen fixation, root nodules, leguminous plants
4. The gas which forms carboxy-haemoglobin in the blood causing suffocation is carbon monoxide

Moving things People and Ideas:

null
1. The correct observation by the student – when they rubbed solid baking soda on dry litmus paper

Student	Effect on dry red litmus paper	effect on dry blue litmus paper
A	Colour changed to blue	No change
B	No change	Colour changed to red
C	Colour changed to blue	colour changed to red
D	No change	No change

1. When CO2 is passed through clear lime water solution , it turns milky. The milky appearence of lime water is due to presence of insoluble calcium carbonate
2. Inorder to determine the acidic, basic or neutral character of solutions, a student tabulated as follows after experimentation.The correct observation includes

Case	Test Solution	Colour change on red litmus paper	colour change on blue litmus paper	acidic/base/neutral
A	Nacl	No change	Red	Acidic
B	Lime water	Blue	No change	Neutral
C	Vinegar(acetic acid)	No change	No change	Neutral
D	Washing soda	Blue	No change	Basic

How things work:

1. When electric current is passed through a metallic conductor  amount of heat produced in the conductor depends on material, length and thickness.

Natural Phenomenon:

1. The statement that is related to the earthquake – not correct – seismograph records seismogram
   1. the record of the seismic waves are called seismograph
   2. the ritcher scale is not linear but logarithmic
   3. the seismic waves originate from the focus
2. The gases present in the atmosphere that cause the greenhouse effect are methane, water vapor, and carbon dioxide.

CTET May 2012:

Food:

1. cellulose is made of glucose
2. Washing the rice many times using a large amount of water before cooking leads to 
   1. loss of vitamin B

Materials of daily use:

1. Phosphorous is kept in water to  – prevent its contact with oxygen
2. Fossil fuel is  Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in petroleum.
3. the alloys which contain nonmetals as one of its constituents
   1. Steel is a constituent of aluminum

The world of the living:

null
1. Malaria is caused by a protozoan – Communicable disease
   1. typhoid – bacteria
   2. dengue – Carrier virus
2. Biosphere reserve conserves
   1. wildlife
   2. traditional tribal life
   3. forest resources
3. A prokaryotic cell is characterised by absence of nuclear membrane
4. The correct match –  adrenaline –  stress reliever
5. Incorrect about myopia – a myopic person cannot see nearby objects clearly
   1. Myopia is a condition called short sightedness
   2. Nearer objects are seen but far objects are not seen
   3. So the condition is corrected by using concave lens
   4. The far point of myopic eye comes closer 
6. The largest gland in the human body is liver
7. The feature which adapts polar bears to live in extreme cold climate – a white fur, fat below skin and keen sense of smell

Moving things people and ideas:

1. the distance-time graph for the motion of two vehicles A and B. True about the following statements
   1. B is moving faster

1. The calorific value of a fuel whose 1.5 kg of mass produces 67,500 KJ of heat on burning completely will be
   1. 45,000 KJ/Kg
2. The correct and increasing order of the frictions – rolling, sliding, static,
3. A merry go round is moving at a non-varying speed of 10m/sec. It implies that 
   1. it is moving with uniform Speed –
      1. The motion of an object in a circle with constant speed is an example of accelerated motion
4. Metallic oxides are—–in nature – amphoteric.

How things work:

1. When white light passes through a prism the color which bends the least is Red bends the least and violet bends the most
2. In place of an electric fuse, a small piece of wire having a high melting point is used.

Natural Phenomena:

1. In acid rain sulphurous acids are present.

CTET November – 2012:

Food:

1. After the physical exercise, we sometimes get muscle cramps – non-conversion of glucose to lactic acid.
2. A set having correct combinations of organs that do not carry out any digestive function
   1. esophagus, buccal cavity, and rectum 
3. The correct sequence of parts in the human alimentary canal
   1. Mouth
   2. esophagus
   3. stomach
   4. small intestine and
   5. large intestine
4. The part of the alimentary canal which receives bile juice from the liver and stores it in the gallbladder is
   1. stomach
5. The complex process involved in the digestion of food is – Ingestion, digestion, Absorption, Assimilation, and egestion
6. About villi
   1. they are finger-like projection
   2. they have very thin walls
   3. they have a network of thin and small blood vessels close to the surface.

Materials of daily use:

1. Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture – Iodised table salt
2. A set of three metals which are found in a free state
   1. silver, gold, and platinum

The world of the living:

1. Geothermal energy is an alternate source of energy. For this energy, the most feasible regions are those that are over hotspots in the crust.
2. Some dinosaurs has feathers though they could not fly, birds have feathers that help them to fly. In the context of evolution, it means that feathers are homologous structures in both the organism
3. If you are asked to project the image of a well-lit painting on the wall, Convex lens is the optical device used for this purpose
   1. A convex lens can produce real and virtual images depending upon the position of the object.
      1. Can produce magnified and diminished images
      2. Also called converging lens used to treat the hyper metopic condition – called long-sightedness
4. True statement about photosynthesis
   1. In this process, solar energy is converted into chemical energy
   2. In photosynthesis, CO2 and H2O are used and O2 is released.

Moving things people and ideas:

null
1. The reactions which are possible
   1. FeSo4 (Aq) + Zn (S) —- 
   2. cuso4 (aq) + Fe (s) — Displacement and redox reaction – Feso4 + Cuo
   3. Both are possible reaction
      1. Al>Zn> Fe>Cu
2. Before playing a sitar, a sitarist always adjust the tension of the string of the sitar and tries to pluck it suitably. By doing so sitarist adjusts
   1. pitch of the string of sitar – so loudness of the string is decreased with least vibration
3. Porter carry load on their heads they fold the cloth in the shape of a round disc by doing so they increase the area of the contact

Time(AM)	Odometer Reading(km)
8:00	6640
8:30	6658
9:00	6676
9:30	6694
10:00	6712

1. Speed of the vehicle in m/sec – 10 m/sec

How things work:

1. An object of mass 5 Kg is sliding on a smooth frictionless horizontal surface with a constant velocity of 10m/sec. The force required to keep the object moving with the same velocity is
   1. F=ma
   2. a=v/t = 10/ 1
   3. F= 5*10 =50N
2. A magnet is rolled in a mixture of iron filings and sulfur powder. It is observed that
   1. Only the iron filings get attracted equally to both poles of the magnet.

Natural Resources:

1. The crop nutrients available in fertilizers are nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.